29 August 2007

Waging a War of Wages

It seems that Alex Hekimian (and for the uninitiated, that’s “eye-key-me-an”), a long time Oakland Mills resident and current President of the Alliance for a Better Columbia (ABC) is upset about Columbia Association senior staff salaries. His concern made it into both the Baltimore Examiner and Baltimore Sun newspapers today.

Sara Michaels from the Baltimore Examiner reports:

Five of the seven top Columbia Association officers are pulling in six-figure salaries, and one residents group is questioning how salaries and bonuses are rewarded.

“We don’t think money is being spent wisely,” said Alex Hekimian, head of the watchdog group Alliance for a Better Columbia, who received the compensation data from the CA and provided it to The Examiner.

[C]A doesn’t make these compensation decisions in a vacuum,” CA spokesman Steve Sattler said. The organization relies on consultants to determine average wages. A salary study conducted six years ago, which did not include benefits, showed the salaries were too low, he said. Another study of Brown’s compensation in 2006 showed her pay was also low, and in April she was given a $7,000 raise.

CA is planning another salary study, which will include salary and benefits. However, Hekimian rejected the idea for a salary study, saying it’s a “way to justify raising salaries higher.”

The wages should be compared with state and county government employees, Hekimian said, since the homeowners association is quasi-governmental.

Simlarly, Larry Carson of the Baltimore Sun reports:

The Columbia Association's top officials got hefty cash bonuses on top of
salaries that are higher than those of most county and state employees, and a
local watchdog group wants to know why.

Alex Hekimian, president of the Alliance for a Better Columbia and a longtime gadfly and critic of association management, said the salaries are far too high. "They're into
bonuses," Hekimian said. "We'd like to find out why."

He said county officials typically make less than Columbia Association officers, who manage an annual budget of about $50 million, compared with the county's $1.2 billion spending plan.

"It just seems out of line because of the way CA operates," Hekimian said. "This is a homeowners association."
Other than Mr. Hekimian’s overly confrontational tone (“They’re into bonuses, we’d like to find out why.”), I think his assertion that CA is a homeowners association is exactly the reason why the pay at CA is different from traditional forms of government. Regardless of the quasi-governmental dogma put out by any organization, State and Federal courts have repeatedly held homeowners associations outside of government. The most recent example has been the Twin Rivers, New Jersey case (be warned, your constitutional rights may not apply).

What do the neighbors make?

Perhaps ABC’s press release was serendipitously ill timed. Also in the paper this morning was a story from the U.S. Census American Community Survey. Statistical estimates for 2006 puts Maryland as the richest state (as measured by a median income of $65,144) and Howard County as the richest County (median income of $94,260) in the richest state (overall, third richest in the nation, behind Fairfax and Loudoun Counties in Virginia). Given that the average income in the county is about to push five figures, the fact that some at CA have salaries in that range would not be surprising.

Looking at the whole picture

Let me say I agree in principle with ABC that CA staff should not be over compensated for the work they do. However, I believe one of the best tools available for determining appropriate compensation is comparable studies. As mentioned in both the Baltimore Examiner and Baltimore Sun, two studies have been performed in the recent past and one is currently ongoing. The most recent study of CA President compensation is available on line (scroll down to the last sentence on the page) and was performed by the Singer Group. This study, submitted in 2006, cites comparable salaries for other large homeowners associations (The Woodlands (TX), Reston (VA), Montgomery Village (MD), and Ocean Pines(MD)). The study also looked at salaries for not-for profit organizations in the $25-50M range and city manager positions in the region. All comparables showed that the CA President salary was either on par with or lower than others. It is also important to note that with respect to homeowners association presidents and city managers, all comparables cites (though in my opinion otherwise valid) were for resident populations much smaller than Columbia.

In my opinion, this study seems to better describe the comparables to the CA president than ABC’s simple statement that in terms of pay, quasi-government should equal government. Moreover, Mr. Hekimian’s statement

[H]ekimian rejected the idea for a salary study, saying it’s a “way to justify raising salaries higher.”

Allows for no other recourse for justification of salary other than what his organization “thinks” is appropriate. Indeed, if Mr. Hekimian rejects salary studies as a means to justify pay, I would like to see his organization provide data on homeowners associations that have linked their staff’s pay to surrounding government pay. I am not aware of any homeowner association that agrees with that philosophy. In the interim, the “just because” excuses for assailing the pay of staff is insufficient.

5 comments:

  1. Minor correction - the Sun article's income figures were for median household income, not median income. The $94,260 median household income is representative of the County's typically two-earner combined incomes, making the five-figure single-earner CA compensations closer to double the community's median and not "in that range" as you stated.

    I'd expect the leadership paychecks for a $50M organization to be above the community's norm, but is about double the median income in the nation's richest county (based on median household income) the right compensation?

    One criteria the compensation consultants may have overlooked might be the ratio between pays of lowest earners vs. highest earners. Ben and Jerry's used such a ratio to make sure their rising tide lifted all boats, where even their lowest paid staff earned 25% above the state's median income.

    Compared to for-profit Ben and Jerry's, it looks like non-profit CA's leadership may be getting the right pay, but those lower on the totem pole aren't being paid enough.

    Perhaps CA should be run more like Ben and Jerry's. Yum.

    ReplyDelete
  2. Anon,

    I like your thinking. I need to noodle through the ratio idea, but on its face, it shows promise. As a former CA lifeguard that started at $3.15/hr, I certainly knew that low man on the totem pole feeling.

    Thanks for the correction on the U.S. Census terminology. I was wrong.

    ReplyDelete
  3. It's not fair to say that all households have 2 incomes. That's playing with the numbers, in my opinion. When 1/2 of the people that get married divorce, then you need to figure that in. And not everyone gets married. There are many single parents. And not everyone has children. The average household size in Howard County in 2005 (see http://www.city-data.com/county/Howard_County-MD.html)
    was 2.7 people. That means there are quite a few couples with 0.7 kids, or quite a few single parents with 1.7 kids. ;) Seriously, you can't look at the world from the eyes of a married, 2-income family and be fair.

    Also, the lower end of CA has ALWAYS been undercompensated as to what was the going rate for like jobs in companies in Columbia. I know this from personal experience over the last 20 years.

    ReplyDelete
  4. Some data on household makeup in Howard county from the city-data site:

    "

    Back to: Maryland, Maryland smaller cities, Maryland smallest towns, All US cities.
    Howard County, MD mapCounty population in 2005: 269,457 (87% urban, 13% rural)
    County owner-occupied houses and condos: 66,414
    Renter-occupied apartments: 23,629
    % of renters here: 26%
    State: 32%
    Land area: 252 sq. mi.
    Water area: 1.5 sq. mi.
    Population density: 1069 people per square mile

    (very high).
    Percentage of residents living in poverty in 2005: 3.4%
    Howard County: 3.4%
    Maryland: 8.2%
    Median age of residents in 2005: 36 years ols
    (Males: 36 years old, Females: 37 years old)
    (Median age for: White residents: 39 years old, Black residents: 33 years old, Asian residents: 35 years old, Hispanic or Latino residents: 28 years old, Other race residents: 25 years old)


    Residents with income below the poverty level in 1999:
    This county: 3.9%
    Whole state: 8.5%

    Residents with income below 50% of the poverty level in 1999:
    This county: 1.9%
    Whole state: 4.2%

    Type of workers:

    * Private wage or salary: 73%
    * Government: 22%
    * Self-employed, not incorporated: 5%
    * Unpaid family work: 0%

    Howard County, Maryland business data: stores, dealers, real estate agents, wholesalers, restaurants...

    Races in Howard County, Maryland:

    * White Non-Hispanic (72.6%)
    * Black (14.4%)
    * Hispanic (3.0%)
    * Korean (2.5%)
    * Two or more races (2.2%)
    * Asian Indian (1.9%)
    * Chinese (1.7%)
    * Other race (1.1%)
    * American Indian (0.7%)
    * Other Asian (0.6%)

    (Total can be greater than 100% because Hispanics could be counted in other races)

    Median resident age: 35.5 years
    Maryland median age: 36.0 years

    Males: 121,774 (49.1%)
    Females: 126,068 (50.9%)
    Average wage per job in 2003: $43,064
    County population in 2003: 263,948
    Jobs in 2003: 146,733

    Howard County, MD forum
    Recent posts about Howard County, Maryland on our local forum with over 100,000 registered users. Howard County is mentioned 432 times on our forum:
    stop denegrating PG county! (280 replies)
    No Fences in Howard County (New Construction)? (16 replies)
    People get so hung up with school system..big deal and howard county (1 reply)
    Lubavitch Center of Howard County (1 reply)
    Places to avoid in Howard County (20 replies)
    Howard County the Laurel area (1 reply)
    Total labor force in 2004: 151,028
    Unemployment rate in 2004: 3.1%

    Average household size:
    Howard County: 2.7 people
    Maryland: 2.6 people

    Median household income in 2005: $91,184
    2005 median house value: $425,400
    Median contract rent in 2005: $1,007
    Median monthly housing costs in 2005: $1,521
    Estimated median household income in 2005: $86,406 ($74,167 in 2000)
    This county $86,406
    Maryland: $61,592

    Estimated median house/condo value in 2005: $403,386
    Howard County $403,386
    Maryland: $280,200

    Median montly rent in 2000: $879
    Institutionalized population: 1,876
    Median monthly costs for houses with a mortgage in Howard County in 2000: $1559

    Crime in 2005 (reported by the sheriff's office or county police, not the county total):

    * Murders: 0
    * Rapes: 0
    * Robberies: 0
    * Assaults: 2
    * Burglaries: 0
    * Thefts: 0
    * Auto thefts: 0


    Crime in 2004 (reported by the sheriff's office or county police, not the county total):

    * Murders: 0
    * Rapes: 0
    * Robberies: 0
    * Assaults: 0
    * Burglaries: 0
    * Thefts: 0
    * Auto thefts: 0

    Howard County races chart

    Howard County, MD map from a distance

    Single-family new house construction building permits:

    * 2000: 1631 buildings, average cost: $130,200
    * 2001: 1327 buildings, average cost: $134,000
    * 2002: 1341 buildings, average cost: $150,600
    * 2003: 1010 buildings, average cost: $176,800
    * 2004: 1284 buildings, average cost: $180,600
    * 2005: 1340 buildings, average cost: $209,000
    * 2006: 1040 buildings, average cost: $193,600


    Number of permits per 10,000 residents
    0.0
    13.2
    26.4
    39.6
    52.8
    2000
    2001
    2002
    2003
    2004
    2005
    2006

    Howard County
    Maryland average

    Average cost (in 1000s)
    0.0
    41.8
    83.6
    125.4
    167.2
    209.0
    2000
    2001
    2002
    2003
    2004
    2005
    2006

    Howard County
    Maryland average



    2004 Presidential Election results in Howard County Maryland:

    Bush / Cheney (Rep.) (40%)
    Kerry / Edwards (Dem.) (49%)
    Other (11%)



    Kerry/Edwards (Democratic): 48.6%
    Bush/Cheney (Republican): 40.2%

    Median real estate property taxes paid for housing units with mortgages in 2005: $3,391 (0.8%)
    Median real estate property taxes paid for housing units with no mortgage in 2005: $3,293 (0.8%)

    Area name: Baltimore-Towson, MD HUD Metro FMR Area
    Fair market rent in 2006 for a 1-bedroom apartment in Howard County is $791 a month.
    Fair market rent for a 2-bedroom apartment is $950 a month.
    Fair market rent for a 3-bedroom apartment is $1220 a month.

    Cities in this county include: Columbia, Ellicott City, Elkridge, North Laurel.

    Neighboring counties: Anne Arundel County , Baltimore County , Carroll County , Frederick County , Montgomery County , Prince George's County .

    Howard County close-up map

    Click to draw/clear county borders


    Notable locations in this county outside city limits:

    Notable locations in Howard County: University of Maryland Central Farm (A), Port Capital Center Industrial Park (B), Waverly (C), Baltimore Livestock Auction Market (D), Baltimore-Washington Industrial Park (E), Woodbine Campground (F), Woodcamp Farm (G), Brookdale Industrial Park (H), Greenwood Farm (I), Patuxent Industrial Park (J), Howard County Service Center (K), Glenwood Country Club (L), Corridor Industrial Park (M), Hopkins Applied Physics Lab (N), Route 100 Industrial Park (O), Route 94 Business Center (P), Cissel Farm (Q), Doughoregan Manor (R), Dorsey Business Center (S), Kalmia Farms (T). Display/hide their locations on the map

    Shopping Center: WEst Friendship Exchange Shopping Center (1). Display/hide its location on the map

    Churches in Howard County include: Rolling Hills Baptist Church (A), Rose of Sharon Church (B), Saint Andrews Episcopal Church (C), Saint Barnabas Episcopal Church (D), Poplar Springs United Methodist Church (E), Saint James Church (F), Saint Johns Church (G), Asbury Church (H), Saint Louis Roman Catholic Church (I). Display/hide their locations on the map

    Cemeteries: Mountain View Cemetery (1), Rosa Bonheur Pet Cemetery (2), Trinity Cemetery (3), Hopkins Cemetery (4), Dorsey Cemetery (5), Gardner Cemetery (6), Zion Cemetery (7). Display/hide their locations on the map

    Reservoirs: General Electric Retention Pond (A), Rigga Farm Pond (B), Johns Hopkins Pond (C), Bernstein Farm Pond (D), Warfields Pond (E). Display/hide their locations on the map

    Streams, rivers, and creeks: Cabin Branch (A), Dorsey Branch (B), Hay Meadow Branch (C), South Branch Patapsco River (D), Benson Branch (E), Piney Run (F), North Branch Patapsco River (G), Terrapin Branch (H), Gillis Falls (I). Display/hide their locations on the map

    Parks in Howard County include: Alpha Ridge Community Park (1), Poplar Springs Park (2), Warfields Pond Park (3), Benson Branch Environmental Area (4), Pfefferkorn Natural Environmental Area (5), Cedar-Villa Heights Park (6), Glenwood Park (7), Hugh Thomas Wildlife Management Area (8), Carrs Mill Park (9). Display/hide their locations on the map

    Post offices: Annapolis Junction Post Office (A), Marriottsville Post Office (B), Lisbon Post Office (C), Glenwood Post Office (D), Glenelg Post Office (E), Clarksville Post Office (F), Dayton Post Office (G), Cooksville Post Office (H), Fulton Post Office (I). Display/hide their locations on the map



    Current college students: 16,025
    People 25 years of age or older with a high school degree or higher: 93.1%
    People 25 years of age or older with a bachelor's degree or higher: 52.9%

    Number of foreign born residents: 28,113 (52% naturalized citizens)
    Howard County: 11.3%
    Whole state: 9.8%


    Year of entry for the foreign-born population
    1995 to March 2000
    1990 to 1994
    1985 to 1989
    1980 to 1984
    1975 to 1979
    1970 to 1974
    1965 to 1969
    Before 1965

    Howard County
    MD average


    * 1995 to March 2000: 6,793
    * 1990 to 1994: 4,579
    * 1985 to 1989: 4,308
    * 1980 to 1984: 3,864
    * 1975 to 1979: 2,839
    * 1970 to 1974: 2,176
    * 1970 to 1974: 1,364
    * 1965 to 1969: 2,190

    Mean travel time to work: 30.2 minutes

    Percentage of county residents living and working in this county: 38.0%

    Howard County marital status for males

    Howard County marital status for females

    Housing units in structures:

    * One, detached: 49,894
    * One, attached: 19,419
    * Two: 424
    * 3 or 4: 1,103
    * 5 to 9: 5,899
    * 10 to 19: 9,739
    * 20 or more: 4,499
    * Mobile homes: 1,803
    * Boats, RVs, vans, etc.: 38


    Housing units in Howard County with a mortgage: 50,867 (6,999 second mortgage, 7,530 home equity loan, 253 both second mortgage and home equity loan)
    Houses without a mortgage: 7,691

    Agriculture in Howard County
    Average size of farms: 109 acres
    Average value of agricultural products sold per farm: $62603
    Average value of crops sold per acre for harvested cropland: $796.31
    The value of nursery, greenhouse, floriculture, and sod as a percentage of the total market value of agricultural products sold: 53.26%
    The value of livestock, poultry, and their products as a percentage of the total market value of agricultural products sold: 24.19%
    Average total farm production expenses per farm: $64315
    Harvested cropland as a percentage of land in farms: 54.87%
    Average market value of all machinery and equipment per farm: $62954
    The percentage of farms operated by a family or individual: 84.39%
    Average age of principal farm operators: 57 years
    Average number of cattle and calves per 100 acres of all land in farms: 11.35
    Milk cows as a percentage of all cattle and calves: 21.03%
    Corn for grain: 7162 harvested acres
    All wheat for grain: 1942 harvested acres
    Soybeans for beans: 4234 harvested acres
    Vegetables: 131 harvested acres
    Land in orchards: 122 acres

    Howard County historical area-adjusted tornado activity is slightly above Maryland state average. It is 1.8 times above overall U.S. average.
    Tornadoes in this county have caused 2 fatalities and 57 injuries recorded between 1950 and 2004.
    On 9/24/2001, a category 3 (max. wind speeds 158-206 mph) tornado killed 2 people and injured 55 people and caused $101 million in damages.


    Class of Workers
    Employee of private company
    Self-employed in own incorporated business
    Private not-for-profit wage and salary workers
    Local government workers
    State government workers
    Federal government workers
    Self-employed workers in own not incorporated business
    Unpaid family workers

    This city
    Maryland average


    Most common industries for males:
    0.0
    3.1
    6.2
    9.3
    12.4
    15.5
    Professional, scientific, and technical services
    Public administration
    Construction
    Educational services
    Health care
    Finance and insurance





    * Professional, scientific, and technical services (16%)
    * Public administration (11%)
    * Construction (8%)
    * Educational services (6%)
    * Health care (5%)
    * Finance and insurance (5%)
    * Accommodation and food services (4%)

    Howard County
    Maryland average


    Most common industries for females:
    0.0
    3.1
    6.2
    9.3
    12.4
    15.5
    Educational services
    Health care
    Professional, scientific, and technical services
    Public administration
    Finance and insurance
    Accommodation and food services





    * Educational services (15%)
    * Health care (14%)
    * Professional, scientific, and technical services (10%)
    * Public administration (10%)
    * Finance and insurance (6%)
    * Accommodation and food services (4%)
    * Social assistance (3%)

    Howard County
    Maryland average


    Most common occupations for males in 2005:
    0.0
    2.1
    4.2
    6.3
    8.4
    10.5
    Computer specialists
    Other management occupations except farmers and farm ma...
    Other sales and related workers including supervisors
    Engineers
    Sales representatives, services, wholesale and manufact...
    Top executives





    * Computer specialists (11%)
    * Other management occupations except farmers and farm managers (8%)
    * Other sales and related workers including supervisors (6%)
    * Engineers (6%)
    * Sales representatives, services, wholesale and manufacturing (5%)
    * Top executives (3%)
    * Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations (3%)

    Howard County
    Maryland average


    Most common occupations for females in 2005:
    0.0
    1.3
    2.6
    3.9
    5.2
    Other management occupations except farmers and farm ma...
    Other sales and related workers including supervisors
    Preschool, kindergarten, elementary and middle school t...
    Computer specialists
    Secretaries and administrative assistants
    Other office and administrative support workers includi...





    * Other management occupations except farmers and farm managers (6%)
    * Other sales and related workers including supervisors (6%)
    * Preschool, kindergarten, elementary and middle school teachers (5%)
    * Computer specialists (5%)
    * Secretaries and administrative assistants (4%)
    * Other office and administrative support workers including supervisors (4%)
    * Registered nurses (4%)

    Howard County
    Maryland average


    Most common places of birth for the foreign-born residents:
    0.0
    3.3
    6.6
    9.9
    13.2
    16.5
    Korea
    India
    China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan
    Philippines
    Mexico
    United Kingdom





    * Korea (17%)
    * India (11%)
    * China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan (6%)
    * Philippines (4%)
    * Mexico (4%)
    * United Kingdom (3%)
    * Germany (3%)

    Howard County
    Maryland average


    Most common first ancestries reported in Howard County:
    0.0
    3.0
    6.0
    9.0
    12.0
    15.0
    German
    Irish
    English
    Italian
    United States or American
    Polish





    * German (15%)
    * Irish (11%)
    * English (9%)
    * Italian (7%)
    * United States or American (6%)
    * Polish (3%)
    * Russian (2%)

    Howard County
    Maryland average

    Howard County mode of transportation to work chart


    Means of transportation to work

    * Drove a car alone: 110,546 (82%)
    * Carpooled: 12,734 (9%)
    * Bus or trolley bus: 1,265 (1%)
    * Streetcar or trolley car: 20 (0%)
    * Subway or elevated: 920 (1%)
    * Railroad: 981 (1%)
    * Taxi: 247 (0%)
    * Motorcycle: 19 (0%)
    * Bicycle: 75 (0%)
    * Walked: 1,520 (1%)
    * Other means: 540 (0%)
    * Worked at home: 6,125 (5%)



    People in group quarters in Howard County, Maryland

    * 1185 people in other noninstitutional group quarters
    * 879 people in state prisons
    * 448 people in nursing homes
    * 306 people in mental (psychiatric) hospitals or wards
    * 218 people in local jails and other confinement facilities (including police lockups)
    * 216 people in other group homes
    * 183 people in homes for the physically handicapped
    * 108 people in homes for the mentally retarded
    * 30 people in religious group quarters
    * 13 people in hospitals/wards and hospices for chronically ill
    * 13 people in hospices or homes for chronically ill
    * 12 people in wards in general hospitals for patients who have no usual home elsewhere
    * 11 people in homes for the mentally ill
    * 5 people in agriculture workers' dormitories on farms
    * 4 people in other nonhousehold living situations


    Average gross adjusted income of non-migrant taxpayers in this county in 2005 was $98,927.

    10.58% of this county's 2006 resident taxpayers lived in other counties in 2005 ($59,539 average adjusted gross income)
    Here: 10.58%
    Maryland average: 7.95%

    0.24% of residents moved from foreign countries ($1,198 average AGI)
    Howard County: 0.24%
    Maryland average: 0.25%

    6.48% relocated from other counties in Maryland ($35,283 average AGI)
    3.85% relocated from other states ($23,058 average AGI)
    Howard County: 3.85%
    Maryland average: 3.62%



    Percentage of residents relocating from other counties or countries
    0.0
    2.6
    5.2
    7.8
    10.4
    13.0
    1996
    1997
    1998
    1999
    2000
    2001
    2002
    2003
    2004
    2005
    2006

    Howard County
    Maryland average

    Top counties from which taxpayers relocated into this county between 2005 and 2006:
    from Prince George's County, MD 1.53% ($52,220 average AGI)
    from Baltimore County, MD 1.35% ($57,970)
    from Montgomery County, MD 1.28% ($70,146)
    from Anne Arundel County, MD 1.09% ($56,738)
    from Baltimore city, MD 0.59% ($51,456)
    from Fairfax County, VA 0.18% ($73,011)
    from Carroll County, MD 0.17% ($61,746)


    10.71% of this county's 2005 resident taxpayers moved to other counties in 2006 ($64,099 average adjusted gross income)
    Here: 10.71%
    Maryland average: 8.13%

    0.15% of residents moved to foreign countries ($778 average AGI)
    Howard County: 0.15%
    Maryland average: 0.13%

    6.31% relocated to other counties in Maryland ($34,031 average AGI)
    4.25% relocated to other states ($29,290 average AGI)
    Howard County: 4.25%
    Maryland average: 3.94%



    Percentage of residents relocating to other counties or countries
    0.0
    2.1
    4.2
    6.3
    8.4
    10.5
    1996
    1997
    1998
    1999
    2000
    2001
    2002
    2003
    2004
    2005
    2006

    Howard County
    Maryland average

    Top counties to which taxpayers relocated from this county between 2005 and 2006:
    to Baltimore County, MD 1.73% ($51,156 average AGI)
    to Anne Arundel County, MD 1.22% ($60,387)
    to Prince George's County, MD 0.74% ($43,573)
    to Baltimore city, MD 0.71% ($48,691)
    to Montgomery County, MD 0.68% ($67,273)
    to Carroll County, MD 0.55% ($70,648)
    to Frederick County, MD 0.20% ($66,949)

    Births per 1000 population from 1990 to 1999: 15.5
    Births per 1000 population from 2000 to 2003: 13.9


    Births per 1000 population in Howard County
    1990
    1991
    1992
    1993
    1994
    1995
    1996
    1997
    1998
    1999
    2000
    2001
    2002
    2003

    Howard County
    Maryland average

    Deaths per 1000 population from 1990 to 1999: 4.5
    Deaths per 1000 population from 2000 to 2003: 4.8


    Deaths per 1000 population in Howard County
    1990
    1991
    1992
    1993
    1994
    1995
    1996
    1997
    1998
    1999
    2000
    2001
    2002
    2003

    Howard County
    Maryland average

    Infant deaths per 1000 live births from 1990 to 1999: 4.2
    Infant deaths per 1000 live births from 2000 to 2003: 5.1


    Infant deaths per 1000 live births in Howard County
    1990
    1991
    1992
    1993
    1994
    1995
    1996
    1997
    1998
    1999
    2000
    2001
    2002
    2003

    Howard County
    Maryland average

    Persons enrolled in hospital insurance and/or supplemental medical insurance (Medicare) in July 1, 2003: 17,918 (16,192 aged, 1,726 disabled)
    Population without health insurance coverage in 2000: 11%
    Children under 18 without health insurance coverage in 2000: 11%

    Household type by relationship

    Households: 244,207

    * In family households: 214,135 (51,314 male householders, 15,041 female householders)

    55,754 spouses, 79,674 children (74,724 natural, 2,082 adopted, 2,868 stepchildren), 2,156 grandchildren, 1,372 brothers or sisters, 2,285 parents, 3,089 other relatives, 3,450 non-relatives

    * In nonfamily households: 30,072 (10,777 male householders (8,126 living alone)), 12,970 female householders (10,560 living alone)), 6,325 nonrelatives
    * In group quarters: 3,635 (2,117 institutionalized population)

    Size of family households: 23,958 2-persons, 16,111 3-persons, 16,550 4-persons, 6,646 5-persons, 2,389 6-persons, 701 7-or-more-persons.

    Size of nonfamily households: 18,686 1-person, 4,343 2-persons, 557 3-persons, 76 4-persons, 28 5-persons, 35 6-persons, 22 7-or-more-persons.

    55,035 married couples with children.
    10,772 single-parent households (2,264 men, 8,508 women)."

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  5. Very sorry - I only meant to put a small portion of that data up:

    "Household type by relationship

    Households: 244,207

    * In family households: 214,135 (51,314 male householders, 15,041 female householders)

    55,754 spouses, 79,674 children (74,724 natural, 2,082 adopted, 2,868 stepchildren), 2,156 grandchildren, 1,372 brothers or sisters, 2,285 parents, 3,089 other relatives, 3,450 non-relatives

    * In nonfamily households: 30,072 (10,777 male householders (8,126 living alone)), 12,970 female householders (10,560 living alone)), 6,325 nonrelatives
    * In group quarters: 3,635 (2,117 institutionalized population)

    Size of family households: 23,958 2-persons, 16,111 3-persons, 16,550 4-persons, 6,646 5-persons, 2,389 6-persons, 701 7-or-more-persons.

    Size of nonfamily households: 18,686 1-person, 4,343 2-persons, 557 3-persons, 76 4-persons, 28 5-persons, 35 6-persons, 22 7-or-more-persons.

    55,035 married couples with children.
    10,772 single-parent households (2,264 men, 8,508 women)."

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